What is a peeling? How is peeling done?

What is a peeling? How is peeling done?

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Peeling is a kind of skin cleansing process by removing dead cells from the skin surface. Peeling can be done by different methods and is referred to by various names accordingly. Chemical peeling is finished by applying a chemical answer to the skin. This method provides deep cleansing as well as peeling the skin.

Physical peeling is the manual removal of dead skin cells using an abrasive object or ingredient such as a brush. Natural peeling is done with the help of masks prepared with completely natural ingredients. Laser peeling is a method of peeling that uses laser beam to purify the skin from dead cells. A successful peeling removes the barrier caused by dead skin cells covering the skin and makes room for new skin cells in the lower layers. This paves the way for moisturizing products to penetrate deep into the skin, making them more effective. In short, a regular peeling routine keeps the skin looking fresh and healthy.

Contents :

• What is a peeling? 
• Peeling selection according to skin type 
• What are the types of peeling? 
• How is peeling done? 
• What is a peeling? 

Peeling is the process of removing dead skin cells from the outer layer of the skin. If not done correctly, it can cause more damage to the skin than good. It is important that the peeling application be done safely so that it does not damage the skin, cause redness or acne formation. When done with the right method, it cleans the skin deeply, reduces skin problems and refreshes the skin. Since every peeling type may not be suitable for every skin type, it is necessary to determine the skin type of the person before choosing the method to be used.

Peeling selection according to skin type 

Peeling applications can be done by a specialist or can be easily done with the help of products that can be used for this purpose at home or with natural skin masks prepared. Peeling that can be performed superficial, medium or deep on the skin can only be done superficially at home. Medium or deep peeling is performed only by experts. Those who want to apply peeling at home should definitely learn their skin types and choose the products they will use accordingly.

DRY SKIN

Individuals with dry skin should avoid products that contain high amounts of alcohol. Products with moisturizing ingredients such as coconut oil, shea butter or ceramide are suitable for dry skin type. Since the skin tends to dry, peeling should be done at most once or twice a week, followed by a strong moisturizer.

OILY SKIN

Oily skin type has a high tolerance. Therefore, depending on the product used, peeling can be applied up to five times a week. Products containing alpha or beta acids, salicylic acid or glycolic acid are suitable for oily skin. However, after the peeling process, you should continue to use moisturizer and make sure not to overdo it.

NORMAL SKIN 

It is appropriate to peel two or three times a week for normal skin. In addition to chemical-based products containing granular sugar, crushed apricot kernel, walnut shell and mild acid, physical peeling can be applied with a brush or fiber. The processes and products can be tried slowly to learn what the skin can tolerate.

COMBINATION SKIN 

In combination skin type, the T-zone is oily and the cheeks show dry skin. In combination skin, peeling applications should be applied mostly to the T area. Less frequent peeling and more intense moisturizing should be applied to dry skin areas. Products with different content should be preferred for cheek and T area.

What are the types of peeling? 

The peeling method applied according to the skin type of the person also varies. Because not all peeling types are suitable for all skin types. For this reason, the skin type of the person whose skin will be treated should be determined first. The types of peeling that can be applied after the skin type is determined are described in detail below.

CHEMICAL PEELS 

Chemical peeling is a skin renewal method in which a chemical solution is applied to the skin to remove dead upper layers. After the chemical peeling process, the renewed skin looks smoother and younger. Chemical peeling; It is used to treat skin discolorations, scars and wrinkles. It can be done alone or in combination with other cosmetic applications. Depending on the desired results, chemical peels can be applied at different depths (light, medium or deep). It uses a different chemical solution for each type of chemical peel done at different depths. Deeper chemical peels give better results, but longer healing times. Chemical peeling methods applied according to the type of skin problem are as follows:

• Light chemical peel.  With a light, superficial chemical peeling, the outermost outer layer of the skin called epidermis is removed. It can be used in the treatment of fine wrinkles, acne scars, uneven skin tone and dryness. It is recommended to apply every 2 to 5 weeks depending on the desired results.

• Medium chemical peels.  This type of chemical peeling is the process of removing skin cells by peeling the epidermis and the upper part of the middle skin layer called the dermis. A moderate chemical peel is used to treat wrinkles, acne scars and skin discoloration. It is recommended to repeat the procedure after 3 to 9 months for the continuity of the results obtained.

• Deep chemical peels. Deep chemical peeling removes skin cells from the epidermis and middle to lower layers of the dermis. For deeper wrinkles, scars, or precancerous skin growths, doctors may recommend a deep chemical peel. Deep chemical peels can only be done once. Carbolic acid (phenol) is used in the deep chemical peeling process, which can damage the heart muscle and cause the heart to beat irregularly. Phenol is an ingredient that can also damage the kidneys and liver. In order to limit exposure to phenol, the process is applied in intervals of 10 to 20 minutes.

PHYSICAL PEELING 

Physical peeling is done using an ingredient or tool that physically removes old or dead cells from the skin surface. Tools that can be used for this purpose can be brushes, sponges, pumice stones or rags. Physical peeling can also be performed using liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy) or dry ice. Usually, physical facial peels are not used independently and complement other skin treatments such as anti aging. Physical peeling can be preferred for the treatment of:

• Hyperpigmentation
• Wrinkles
• Rough skin surface
• Enlarged pores
• Dull skin color
• Acne

Physical peeling visibly improves the skin, removes fine wrinkles. The skin gains a healthy appearance by tightening the pores. Intensive physical peeling is applied as two sessions per week for a month. Its effect continues for 3-5 months. After that, the process may need to be repeated.

LASER PEELING 

Laser peeling is a skin renewal method that uses laser to improve the appearance of the skin or to treat small facial imperfections by removing the layers of the skin. Skin renewal with laser peeling can be done with the following methods;

• Ablative laser:  This is an injurious laser application that removes thin layers of the skin. Ablative types of laser therapy include carbon dioxide (CO2) laser and erbium laser.
• Non-ablative laser:  This is a type of non-injurious laser that stimulates collagen growth and tightens the underlying skin. It includes many other laser types besides IPL devices.

Fractional photothermolysis, another laser peeling method, is available in ablative and non-ablative forms. Non-ablative laser side effects are less and recovery time is shorter. However, better results are obtained with ablative laser.

NATURAL PEELING 

The peeling process made with masks prepared using completely natural ingredients such as tomatoes, eggs, olive oil and coffee is called natural peeling. Effective results can be obtained by applying masks that can be easily prepared at home, 1-2 times a week. Prepared mixtures are applied to the whole face except around the eyes and lips. After waiting for 5 minutes, the mask is washed off. Home peeling applications are an example for superficial peeling. Medium and deep peeling applications can only be done by experts.

How is peeling done? 

When applying peeling at home, certain steps should be followed to get the best results.

• Since the pores on the skin will open after a warm shower, better results are obtained.
• Steam bath can be applied to the face before peeling to open the pores.
• It should be applied to the whole face except lips and around the eyes.
• It is more effective when applied with a light massage with circular movements after wetting the fingers.
• The product purchased ready for peeling or prepared at home should be selected according to the skin type.
• The substance applied to the face is kept for 5 minutes and then washed thoroughly with warm water.
• After the procedure, a moisturizer suitable for the skin type should be used.
• The peeling process can be applied not only to the face but also to all areas needed in the body such as feet, elbows and neck.

AFTER PEELING 

A moisturizer should be used after peeling at home. The skin should be protected from the sun and sunscreen products should be used when going out. After the peeling application, the skin becomes more sensitive than usual. Therefore, time should be given for the skin to relax and repair itself.

After the chemical peeling application, the healing process of the controlled wound on the skin begins. Recovery time for superficial peels is 3-6 days, for medium-depth peels 6-8 days, and 8-14 days after deep peeling. In this period, it is very important to protect and care for the skin from external factors. In superficial applications, the person can immediately return to his daily activities. After the medium and deep peeling, 1-2 weeks of recovery is required.

After chemical, physical and laser peeling, you should strictly follow your doctor's recommendations and avoid exposure to direct sunlight. If you need to go out in the sun, you should definitely use high factor sunscreens.